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Employees' State Insurance : ウィキペディア英語版 | Employees' State Insurance
Employees' State Insurance is a self-financing social security and health insurance scheme for Indian workers. For all employees earning or less per month as wages, the employer contributes 4.75 percent and employee contributes 1.75 percent, total share 6.5 percent. This fund is managed by the ESI Corporation (ESIC) according to rules and regulations stipulated there in the ESI Act 1948, which oversees the provision of medical and cash benefits to the employees and their family through its large network of branch offices, dispensaries and hospitals throughout India. ESIC is an autonomous corporation by a statutory creation under Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India. As it is a legal entity, the corporation can raise loans and take measures for discharging such loans with previous sanction of the central government and it can acquire both movable and immovable property and all incomes from the property shall vest with the corporations. The corporation can set up hospitals either independently or in collaboration with state government or other private entities, but most of the dispensaries and hospitals are run by concerned state governments. ==History== In March 1923 before Indian independence B. N. Adarkar economist and later Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, was appointed by the Government of India to create a health insurance scheme for industrial workers.〔(Social Security and Social Obligation ) Sociology for Nurses : A Textbook for Nurses and Other Medical Practitioners By C M Abraham Retrieved 23 August 2013〕 A year later the report he submitted became the basis for the Employment State Insurance (ESI) Act of 1948.〔 The ESI Act was enacted in India in 1948, but come into reality from 25 February 1952, established in Kanpur and Delhi. Initially intended for workers working in factories and companies only. It is now applicable to all establishments having 10 or more workers including educational institutions, hospitals, etc., covering 15.5 million employees working with about 450,000 employers. Total beneficiaries as of 2011-12 are above 65.5 million.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Annual Report 2008-2009 )〕
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